An
Elementary Paa.li Course
Lesson
XXVI
Passive
Voice
There are different endings for the
Passive Voice. Sometimes the endings of the Active Voice are also
used in the sense of the Passive.
In forming the Passive Voice, ya is added between the root and the endings. If the
roots end in a and aa, they are often
changed into ii.
| Examples: |
| rakkha |
- ya - te = rakkhiiyate |
| daa |
- ya - te = diiyate |
| nii |
- ya - te = niiyate |
| su |
- ya - te = suuyate |
| paca |
- ya - te = pacayate = paccate |
Present
Tense (Vattamaanaa)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
te |
paccate |
ante |
paccante |
| 2nd Person |
se |
paccase |
vhe |
paccavhe |
| 1st Person |
e |
pacce |
mhe |
paccamhe |
Aorist (Ajjatanii)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
aa |
apaccaa,
paccaa |
uu |
apaccuu,
paccuu |
| 2nd Person |
se |
apaccise,
paccise |
vha.m |
apaccivha.m,
paccivha.m |
| 1st Person |
a |
apacca,
pacca |
mhe |
apaccimhe,
paccimhe |
Perfect
Tense (Hiiyattanii)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
ttha |
apaccattha |
tthu.m |
apaccatthu.m |
| 2nd Person |
se |
apaccase |
vha.m |
apaccavha.m |
| 1st Person |
i.m |
apacci.m |
mhase |
apaccamhase |
Benedictive
(Pa~ncamii)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
ta.m |
paccata.m |
anta.m |
paccanta.m |
| 2nd Person |
ssu |
paccassu |
vho |
paccavho |
| 1st Person |
e |
pacce |
aamase |
paccaamase |
Subjunctive
or Conditional (Sattamii)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
etha |
paccetha |
era.m |
paccera.m |
| 2nd Person |
etho |
paccetho |
eyyavho |
pacceyyavho |
| 1st Person |
eyya.m |
pacceyya.m |
eyyaamhe |
pacceyyaamhe |
Future
Tense (Bhavissanti)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
ssate |
paccissate |
ssante |
paccissante |
| 2nd Person |
ssase |
paccissase |
ssavhe |
paccissavhe |
| 1st Person |
ssa.m |
paccissa.m |
ssaamhe |
paccissaamhe |
(Parokkhaa and
Kaalaatipatti are not treated in this book.)
Conjugation of huu (to be)
Present
Tense
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
hoti |
honti |
| 2nd Person |
hosi |
hotha |
| 1st Person |
homi |
homa |
Aorist (Ajjatanii)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
ahosi,
ahuu |
ahesu.m |
| 2nd Person |
ahosi |
ahosittha |
| 1st Person |
ahosi.m,
ahu.m |
ahosimhaa,
ahumhaa |
Future
Tense (Bhavissani)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
hessati,
hehi |
hessanti |
| 2nd Person |
hessasi |
hessatha |
| 1st Person |
hessaami |
hessaama |
Imperative
(Pa~ncamii)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
hotu |
hontu |
| 2nd Person |
hohi |
hotha |
| 1st Person |
homi |
homa |
Conditional (Sattamii)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
heyya |
heyya.m |
| 2nd Person |
heyyaasi |
heyyaatha |
| 1st Person |
heyyaami |
heyyaama,
heyya.m |
Future
Tense (Bhavissanti)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
hessati,
hehiti |
hessanti,
hehinti |
| 2nd Person |
hessasi,
hehisi |
hessatha,
hehitha |
| 1st Person |
hessaami,
hehaami |
hessaama,
hehaama |
Perfect (Hiiyattani)
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
ahuvaa |
ahuvuu,
ahuvu |
| 2nd Person |
ahuvo |
ahuvattha |
| 1st Person |
ahuva.m |
ahuvamha |
Conjugation of asa (to be)
Present
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
atthi |
santi |
| 2nd Person |
asi |
attha |
| 1st Person |
asmi, amhi |
asma, amha |
Aorist
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
aasi |
aasi.msu,
aasu.m |
| 2nd Person |
aasi |
aasittha |
| 1st Person |
aasi.m |
aasimha |
Imperative
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
atthu |
santu |
| 2nd Person |
aahi |
attha |
| 1st Person |
asmi |
asma |
Conditional
|
SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
| 3rd Person |
siyaa,
assa |
siyu.m,
assu |
| 2nd Person |
assa |
assatha |
| 1st Person |
assa.m |
assaama |
|
|
