Pali Word by Word

ti

From Warder (pp.35-36), the indeclinable ti means "end quote" and stands at the end of any passage in direct speech. It is used also to mark something thought. Anything quoted, whether a line of verse or a single word, is marked in the same way.

This indeclinable sometimes appears in a fuller form: iti, which is emphatic and may generally be translated "this", "that", "thus". It may refer to a statement from a distance instead of marking the end of the actual words.

The two forms may be used together for emphasis.

Related words
1. tv eva = tu + eva: however (PED tu);
2. t'eva = ti + eva: "indeed", definitely;
3. kin ti - how, how then (PED kin).


(1) DN2 Sama~n~naphala Sutta CSCD164/PTS1.52
"Tena hi, mahaaraaja, bhaasassuu"ti.
now / O king / speak
"Now, O king, speak!"

tena hi - now!;
bhaasassu - speak! (bhaasati imper.pres.2nd sg.).

(2) DN22 Mahasatipatthana Sutta CSCD372/PTS2.290
Tatra kho bhagavaa bhikkhuu aamantesi - "bhikkhavo"ti.
there / - / the Blessed One / monks / addressed / O monks
There, the Blessed One addressed the monks, "O monks."

kho - [emphatic];
bhikkhuu - monks (nom.pl.);
aamantesi - to call, address (aamanteti aor.);
bhikkhavo - monks (voc.pl.).

(3) DN31 Sigalovada Sutta CSCD245/PTS3.181
Imassa cattaaro kammakilesaa pahiinaa hontii"ti.
to him / four / actions due to defilement / eradicated / are
"…For him, the four actions due to defilement are eradicated."

imassa - for him (dat.), of him (gen.);
kamma - action, conduct, deed;
kilesa - defilement, impurity, vice, lust;
kammakilesa - action due to defilement, defilement of action;
[here, the four actions are killing, stealing, sexual misconduct and lying]
pahiina - eradicated, eliminated, abandoned, destroyed (pajahati p.p.);
honti - verb to be (bhavati 3rd pl.).

(4) Dhammapada 181
pu~n~na.m me katan ti nandati
good deed / by me / done / rejoices
He rejoices [by the thought] "I have done good".

bhiyyo nandati sugati.m gato
even more / rejoices / [to] good rebirth / gone
He rejoices even more, having gone to a good rebirth.

pu~n~na - good deed, merit;
me - by me;
katan - (adj.) done (from kata, p.p. of karoti, to do);
nandati - to rejoice, to find delight, to be happy;
bhiyyo - (adv.) even more;
sugati - su (good) + gati (existence, destiny);
gato - (adj.) gone (from gata, p.p. of gacchati, to go).

(5) Dhammapada 63
baalo ca pa.n.dita-maanii sa ve "baalo"ti vuccati
fool / and / proud of his cleverness / he / indeed / fool / is called
And a fool, [who is] proud of his cleverness, is indeed called "a fool".

pa.n.dita - (adj.) wise, clever, intelligent;
maanin - (adj.) proud (of);
ve - indeed, truly;
pa.n.ditamaanin - (adj.) proud of one's own cleverness.


Word List 1:

01. ca | na | ti | pe | vaa | kho | bhikkhave | hoti | dhammo | so
11. uppajjati | paccayo | tattha | pa.ticca | ta.m | dhammaa | dhamma.m | te | eva.m | pana
21. tassa | no | eka.m | bhikkhu | tii.ni | tesa.m | me | bhagavaa | bhante | dve
31. aya.m | atha | tena | ya.m | hetupaccayaa | nava | atthi | yo | ye | dhammassa
41. bhikkhuu | aamantaa | citta.m | khandhaa | yassa | ruupa.m | pańca | viharati | aavuso | vuccati

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