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- A New Course in Learning Pali
- An Elementary Pali Course
- Introduction to Pali (Detailed grammatical analysis)
- Introduction to Pali (Trilinear translation)
- The New Pali Course Part I
- The New Pali Course Part II
- Pali Primer
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Paali Primer
Lesson 7
1. Vocabulary
Masculine nouns ending in -a
- naavika - sailor
- aakaasa - sky
- samudda - ocean, sea
- deva/sura - deity, god
- loka - world
- aaloka - light
- saku.na - bird
- kaaka - crow
- nivaasa - house
- sappurisa - virtuous man
- asappurisa - wicked man
- kaaya - body
- duuta - messenger
- go.na - ox, bull
Verbs
- aahi.n.dati - wanders
- carati - walks
- nisiidati - sits
- sannipatati - assembles
- viharati - dwells
- vasati - lives
- jiivati - lives
- ti.t.thati - stands
- uppatati - flies, jumps up
- tarati - crosses (water)
- uttarati - comes out (of water)
- pasiidati - becomes glad, is pleased with
2. Declension of masculine nouns ending in -a (contd.)
Locative case: Case endings -e/-mhi/-smi.m are added to the nominal base to
form the locative singular. The case ending -esu is added to form the locative
plural.
Singular
- nara + e/mhi/smi.m = nare, naramhi, narasmi.m (in/on/at the man)
- maatula + e/mhi/smi.m = maatule, maatulamhi, maatulasmi.m (in/on/at the
uncle)
- kassaka + e/mhi/smi.m = kassake, kassakamhi, kassakasmi.m (in/on/at the
farmer)
Plural
- nara + esu = naresu (in/on/at men)
- maatula + esu = maatulesu (in/on/at uncles)
- kassaka + esu = kassakesu (in/on/at farmers)
3. Examples in sentence formation
Singular
- Sappo narasmi.m patati.
The snake falls on the man.
- Putto maatulamhi pasiidati.
The son is pleased with the uncle.
- Vaa.nijo kassakasmi.m pasiidati.
The merchant is pleased with the farmer.
Plural
- Sappaa naresu patanti.
Snakes fall on men.
- Puttaa maatulesu pasiidanti.
Sons are pleased with their uncles.
- Vaa.nijaa kassakesu pasiidanti.
Merchants are pleased with farmers.
Exercise 7
Translate into English
- Braahma.no sahaayakena saddhi.m rathamhi nisiidati.
- Asappurisaa corehi saha gaamesu caranti.
- Vaa.nijo kassakassa nivaase bhatta.m pacati.
- Bhuupaalassa amaccaa diipesu manusse rakkhanti.
- Sugatassa saavakaa vihaarasmi.m vasanti.
- Makka.to rukkhamhaa aavaa.tasmi.m patati.
- Suriyassa aaloko samuddamhi patati.
- Kassakaana.m go.naa gaame aahi.n.danti.
- Vejjassa daarako ma~ncasmi.m sayati.
- Dhiivaraa samuddamhaa pi.takesu macche aaharanti.
- Siiho paasaa.nasmi.m ti.t.thati, makka.taa rukkhesu caranti.
- Bhuupaalassa duuto amaccena saddhi.m samudda.m tarati.
- Manussaa loke jiivanti, devaa sagge vasanti.
- Migaa pabbatesu dhaavanti, saku.naa aakaase uppatanti.
- Amacco khagga.m bhuupaalassa hatthamhaa aadadaati.
- Aacariyo maatulassa nivaase ma~ncamhi puttena saha nisiidati.
- Taapasaa pabbatamhi viharanti.
- Upaasakaa sama.nehi saddhi.m vihaare sannipatanti.
- Kaakaa rukkhehi uppatanti.
- Buddho dhamma.m bhaasati, sappurisaa Buddhamhi pasiidanti.
- Asappuriso khaggena naavikassa duuta.m paharati.
- Puriso sarena saku.na.m vijjhati, saku.no rukkhamhaa aavaa.tasmi.m patati.
- Manussaa suriyassa aalokena loka.m passanti.
- Kassakassa go.naa magge sayanti.
- Go.nassa kaayasmi.m kaako ti.t.thati.
- Migaa diipasmi.m paasaa.nesu nisiidanti.
- Saku.no naavikassa hatthamhaa aavaa.tasmi.m patati.
- Sappuriso naavikena saha samuddamhaa uttarati.
- Kuddaalo luddakassa hatthamhaa aavaa.tasmi.m patati.
- Suriyassa aalokena cando bhaasati (shines).
Translate into Paali
- The lion stands on the rock in the mountain.
- Thieves enter the house of the teacher.
- Children run from the road to the sea with friends.
- Uncle's oxen wander on the road.
- Birds sit on the tree.
- The ox hits the goat with its foot.
- Jackals live on the mountain.
- The king worships the feet of the Buddha with his ministers.
- The uncle sleeps on the bed with his son.
- The fisherman eats rice in the house of the farmer.
- The king's horses live in the island.
- The virtuous man brings a lamp for the hermit.
- The doctor brings a garment to the teacher's house.
- The monkey plays with a dog on the rock.
- The garment falls on the farmer's body.
- The hunter carries arrows in a basket.
- Disciples of the Buddha assemble in the monastery.
- The washerman washes the garments of the ministers.
- Birds fly in the sky.
- The virtuous man comes out of the sea together with the sailor.
- Deities are pleased with the Buddha's disciples.
- Merchants cross the sea together with sailors.
- The good man protects the dog from the serpent.
- Crows fly from trees in the mountain.
- The pig pulls a fish from the fisherman's basket.
- The light of the sun falls on the men in the world.
- Deities go through the sky.
- Children play with the dog on the road.
- The wicked man drags a monkey from the tree.
- The king's messenger gets down from the horse.