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Paali Primer
Preface
Contents
Introduction
Lesson 1
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Lesson 6
Lesson 7
Lesson 8
Lesson 9
Lesson 10
Lesson 11
Lesson 12
Lesson 13
Lesson 14
Lesson 15
Lesson 16
Lesson 17
Lesson 18
Lesson 19
Lesson 20
Lesson 21
Lesson 22
Lesson 23
Lesson 24
Lesson 25
Lesson 26
Lesson 27
Lesson 28
Lesson 29
Lesson 30
Lesson 31
Lesson 32
For free distribution, as a gift of Dhamma.

Paali Primer

Lesson 10

1. The Infinitive

The suffix -tu.m is added to the root of the verb or the verbal base with or sometimes without the connecting vowel -i- to form the infinitive.

2. Examples in sentence formation

  1. Kassako khetta.m kasitu.m icchati.
    The farmer wishes to plough the field.
  2. Daarako phalaani khaaditu.m rukkham aaruhati.
    The child climbs the tree to eat fruits.
  3. Manussaa sama.nehi pa~nhe pucchitu.m vihaara.m aagacchanti.
    Men come to the monastery to ask questions from the recluses.
  4. Kumaaraa kii.litu.m mittehi saha samudda.m gacchanti.
    Boys go to the sea with friends to play.

Exercise 10

Translate into English

  1. Kumaaraa vanamhi mittehi saha kii.litvaa bhatta.m bhu~njitu.m geha.m dhaavanti.
  2. Migaa ti.na.m khaaditvaa udaka.m paatu.m pabbatamhaa uyyaana.m aagacchanti.
  3. Vaa.nijassa putto bha.n.daani aaharitu.m rathena nagara.m gacchati.
  4. Yaacako maatulassa kuddaalena aavaa.ta.m kha.nitu.m icchati.
  5. Amaccaa bhuupaala.m passitu.m paasaadamhi sannipatanti.
  6. Go.naa uyyaane aahi.n.ditvaa kassakassa khetta.m aagacchanti.
  7. Upaasakaa sama.naana.m daana.m daatu.m vihaara.m pavisanti.
  8. Rathena nagara.m gantu.m puriso gehasmaa nikkhamati.
  9. Braahma.no vejjena saddhi.m nahaayitu.m udaka.m otarati.
  10. Coro amaccassa geha.m pavisitu.m uyyaane aahi.n.dati.
  11. Siiho pabbatamhi sayitvaa u.t.thaaya miga.m hantu.m oruhati.
  12. Udaka.m otaritvaa vatthaani dhovitu.m rajako putta.m pakkosati.
  13. Tathaagata.m passitvaa vanditu.m upaasako vihaara.m pavisati.
  14. Khetta.m kasitu.m kassako kuddaala.m aadaaya gehaa nikkhamati.
  15. Sarehi mige vijjhitu.m luddakaa sunakhehi saha ara~n~na.m pavisanti.
  16. Naraa gaamamhaa nikkhamitvaa nagare vasitu.m icchanti.
  17. Saku.ne passitu.m amaccaa kumaarehi saha pabbata.m aaruhanti.
  18. Pabbatasmaa rukkha.m aaka.d.dhitu.m vaa.nijena saha kassako gacchati.
  19. Phalaani khaaditu.m makka.taa rukkhesu caranti.
  20. Pa.n.dito sugatassa saavakehi saddhi.m bhaasitu.m icchati.
  21. Samudda.m taritvaa diipa.m gantvaa vatthaani aaharitu.m vaa.nijaa icchanti.
  22. Pupphaani sa.mharitvaa udakena aasi~ncitu.m upaasako kumaare ovadati.
  23. Ajassa kaaya.m hatthehi phusitu.m daarako icchati.
  24. Braahma.nassa gehe aasanesu nisiiditu.m rajakassa puttaa icchanti.
  25. Paatu.m udaka.m yaacitvaa daarako rodati.

Translate into Paali

  1. Goats roam in the park to eat leaves and drink water.
  2. The wicked man wishes to hit the dog with his foot.
  3. Friends go to the park to play with their dogs.
  4. The lay devotee wishes to come home and instruct his sons.
  5. The deity wishes to go to the monastery and speak to the Buddha.
  6. The good man wishes to protect virtues and give alms.
  7. Pigs run from the village to enter the forest.
  8. The farmer asks for a hoe from the merchant to dig pits in his field.
  9. Lay devotees assemble in the monastery to worship the Buddha.
  10. The uncle comes out of the house to call the fisherman.
  11. Farmers wish to get oxen; merchants wish to get horses.
  12. The king wishes to abandon his palace.
  13. Men take baskets and go to the forest to collect fruits for their children.
  14. The farmer wanders in the forest to cut grass for his oxen.
  15. Men wish to live in houses in the city with their sons.
  16. Having stood on the rock, the child sees flowers on the trees.
  17. Having received a garment from the teacher the doctor is pleased.
  18. The hunter calls a friend to drag a goat from the forest.
  19. The sailor calls merchants to cross the sea.
  20. Having risen from the seat the good man wishes to speak with the monk.
  21. Children wish to get down to the water and bathe.
  22. The minister mounts the horse to go to the forest to shoot deer.
  23. The boy wishes to cook rice for his uncle's friends.
  24. Jackals leave the forest to enter the farmers' fields.
  25. Men wish to see objects with their eyes by the light of the sun.