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Paali Primer
Lesson 30
1. Declension of adjectives ending in -vantu and -mantu
Attributive adjectives ending in -vantu and -mantu can be declined in all three genders. They agree with the nouns they qualify in gender, number and case.
Masculine Gender
| gu.navantu = virtuous |
| |
Singular |
Plural |
| Nom. |
gu.navaa, gu.navanto |
gu.navanto, gu.navantaa |
| Voc. |
gu.navaa, gu.nava, gu.navanta |
gu.navanto, gu.navantaa |
| Acc. |
gu.navanta.m |
gu.navanto, gu.navante |
| Ins. |
gu.navataa, gu.navantena |
gu.navantehi (gu.navantebhi) |
| Abl. |
gu.navataa, gu.navantamhaa, gu.navantasmaa |
gu.navantehi (gu.navantebhi) |
| Dat. |
gu.navato, gu.navantassa |
gu.navata.m, gu.navantaana.m |
| Gen. |
gu.navato, gu.navantassa |
gu.navata.m, gu.navantaana.m |
| Loc. |
gu.navati, gu.navante, gu.navantamhi, gu.navantasmi.m |
gu.navantesu |
(Note the similarities of this declension to the declension of the present participle masculine gender ending in -nta).
Adjectives ending in -mantu are declined as cakkhumaa, cakkhumanto etc.
Neuter Gender
| ojavantu = nourishing |
| |
Singular |
Plural |
| Nom. |
ojavanta.m |
ojavantaani |
| Acc. |
ojavanta.m |
ojavantaani |
The rest is similar to the declension of masculine adjectives ending in -vantu and -mantu.
Feminine Gender
Gu.navatii/gu.navantii and cakkhumatii/cakkhumantii are the feminine forms of the adjectives ending in
-vantu and -mantu. They are declined like kumaarii, i.e. feminine nouns ending in -ii.
2. Adjectives ending in -vantu and -mantu
- dhanavantu - rich
- Bhagavantu - the Fortunate one, the Buddha
- yasavantu - famous
- kulavantu - of good family
- sotavantu - attentive, having ears
- siilavantu - virtuous
- saddhaavantu - devoted
- satimantu - mindful
- cakkhumantu - having eyes
- balavantu - powerful
- pa~n~navantu - wise
- pu~n~navantu - fortunate, meritorious
- phalavantu - fruitful
- himavantu - Himalayas, possessor of snow
- va.n.navantu - colourful
- bhaanumantu - sun, radiant
- buddhimantu - intelligent
- bandhumantu - having relations
Exercise 30
Translate into English
- Balavantehi bhuupatiihi arayo paraajitaa honti.
- Maya.m cakkhuuhi bhaanumantassa suriyassa rasmiyo oloketu.m na sakkoma.
- Bhikkhavo Bhagavataa desita.m dhamma.m sutvaa satimantaa bhavitu.m vaayami.msu.
- Siilavantaa upaasakaa Bhagavanta.m vanditvaa dhamma.m sutvaa satimantaa bhavitu.m vaayami.msu.
- Pa~n~navantehi icchita.m patthita.m samijjhissati.
- Kulavato bhaataa Bhagavataa saha mantento bhuumiya.m pattharitaaya kila~njaaya.m (mat) nisinno ahosi.
- Phalavantesu taruusu nisinnaa pakkhino phalaani khaaditvaa a.t.thiini bhuumiya.m paatesu.m.
- Himavati bahuu (many) pasavo ca pakkhii ca uragaa (reptiles) ca vasanti.
- Siilavantaa dhamma.m sutvaa cakkhumantaa bhavitu.m ussahissanti.
- Gu.navato bandhu siilavati.m pa~nha.m pucchi.
- Gu.navatii yuvati siila.m rakkhantii maatara.m posesi.
- Yasavatiyaa bandhavo balavanto pabhuno abhavi.msu.
- Dhanavantassa sappurisassa bhariyaa pu~n~navatii ahosi.
- Siilavantesu vasantaa asappurisaa pi gu.navantaa bhaveyyu.m.
- Silavatiyo maataro putte gu.navante kaatu.m ussahanti.
- Buddhimaa puriso paapa.m karonte putte anusaasitu.m pa~n~navanta.m bhikkhu.m pakkosi.
- Kulavato nattaa siilavataa bhikkhunaa dhamma.m sutvaa pasiiditvaa geha.m pahaaya bhikkhuusu pabbaji.
- Balavantaa pabhuno gu.navanto bhavantu.
- Dhanavantaa balavantaa kadaaci karahaci (seldom) gu.navantaa bhavanti.
- Himavantasmaa aagato pa~n~navaa isi siilavatiyaa maatuyaa uyyaane atithi ahosi.
- Dubbala.m (weak) siilavati.m itthi.m disvaa anukampamaanaa dhanavatii ta.m (her) posesi.
- Himavati phalavantaa taravo na chinditabbaa honti.
- Dhammassa vi~n~naataaro yasavantaa bhavitu.m na ussahanti.
- Bandhumaa balavaa hoti, dhanavaa bandhumaa hoti.
- Siilavatii raajinii gu.navatiihi itthiihi saddhi.m saalaaya.m nisiiditvaa yasavatiyaa ka~n~naaya katha.m su.ni.
- Gu.navaa puriso rukkhamhaa ojavantaani phalaani ocinitvaa vihaare vasantaana.m silavantaana.m bhikkhuuna.m vibhaji.
- Balavatiyaa raajiniyaa amaccaa dhammena diipe manusse paalesu.m.
- Yasavantiina.m naariina.m dhiitaro pi yasavantiyo bhavissanti.
- Pa~n~navantiyaa yuvatiyaa pu.t.tho dhanavaa pa~nha.m vyaakaatu.m asakkonto sabhaaya.m nisiidi.
- Bhaanumaa suriyo manussaana.m aaloka.m deti.
Translate into Paali
- Sages living in the Himalaya sometimes (kadaaci) come to towns.
- Mindful monks preached the doctrine to wise lay devotees.
- Fortunate people have virtuous friends and relations.
- Rich merchants go from village to village selling goods.
- The virtuous girl was the wife of the rich teacher.
- The intelligent monk answered the question asked by the powerful eminent person.
- There are garlands in the hand of the virtuous girl.
- The rich are famous, the wise are virtuous.
- You (pl.) do not avoid virtuous and wise men.
- The Fortunate One is living in the famous island ruled by the powerful king.
- If a wise monk lives in the village, people will become virtuous.
- May men of good families become virtuous and wise.
- People will follow the rich and powerful.
- The famous king defeated the powerful enemy who has many relations.
- People with eyes see the radiant sun.
Unicode | Velthuis