Tipitaka Network :: Pāḷi Synthesis
Vesak's Greetings
.:on the shelves:.
.:in the solutions:.
- A New Course in Learning Pali
- An Elementary Pali Course
- Introduction to Pali (Detailed grammatical analysis)
- Introduction to Pali (Trilinear translation)
- The New Pali Course Part I
- The New Pali Course Part II
- Pali Primer
The Pali CollectiveOops! RSS input from Yahoo! Groups is currently not available.
Developed and supported by PaliLogix.
Paali Primer
Lesson 22
1. The Future Passive Participle
The future passive participle or the potential participle as it is sometimes
called, is formed by adding -tabba/-aniiya to the base of the verb; -tabba is
mostly added with the connecting vowel -i-. These participles are declined like
a-ending nouns in the masculine and neuter genders, and like aa-ending nouns in
the feminine. They express ideas such as 'must,' 'should be' and 'fit to be.'
- pacati - pacitabba/pacaniiya
- bhu~njati - bhu~njitabba/bhojaniiya
- karoti - kaatabba/kara.niiya
2. Examples in sentence formation
- Ammaa pacitabbam/pacaniiya.m ta.n.dula.m (raw rice) pi.take .thapesi.
The mother kept the (raw) rice which is to be cooked in the basket.
- Daarikaaya bhu~njitabba.m/bhojaniiya.m odana.m aha.m na bhu~njissaami.
I will not eat the rice which should be eaten by the girl.
- Kassakena kaatabba.m/kara.niiya.m kamma.m kaatu.m tva.m icchasi.
You wish to do the work that should be done by the farmer.
Exercise 22
Translate into English
- Upaasakehi sama.naa vanditabbaa honti.
- Ma~njuusaaya.m nikkhipitabba.m suva.n.na.m maa ma~ncasmi.m .thapehi.
- Sappurisaa puujaniiye puujenti, asappurisaa tathaa (likewise) na karonti.
- Bhuupaalena rakkhitabba.m diipa.m amaccaa na sammaa (well) paalenti.
- Manussehi dhammo ugga.nhitabbo, sacca.m adhigantabba.m hoti.
- Kumaariihi aaha.taani pupphaani udakena aasi~ncitabbaani honti.
- Corena gahita.m bhaginiyaa dhana.m pariyesitabba.m hoti.
- Uyyaane ropitaa rukkhaa na chinditabbaa honti.
- Dhotabbaani dussaani gahetvaa yuvatiyo hasamaanaa pokkhara.ni.m otari.msu.
- Sama.nehi ovaditabbaa kumaaraa vihaaram na gami.msu.
- Kassakena kasitabba.m khetta.m vikki.nitu.m vaa.nijo ussahi.
- Aapa.nesu .thapitaani vikki.nitabbaani bha.n.daani ki.nitu.m te na
icchi.msu.
- Ammaa khaadaniiyaani ca bhojaniiyaani ca pa.tiyaadetvaa daarakaana.m deti.
- Manussehi daanaani daatabbaani, siilaani rakkhitabbaani, pu~n~naani
kaatabbaani.
- Go.naana.m daatabbaani ti.naani kassako khettamhaa aahari.
- Migaa paaniiya.m udaka.m pariyesantaa a.taviya.m aahi.n.di.msu.
- Darikaaya daatu.m phalaani aapa.naaya vaa (or) khettamhaa vaa
aaharitabbaani honti.
- Kathetabba.m vaa akathetabba.m* vaa ajaananto asappuriso maa sabhaaya.m
nisiidatu.
- Tumhe bhuupaalaa amaccehi ca pa.n.ditehi ca sama.nehi ca anusaasitabbaa
hotha.
- Upaasakena pu.t.tho pa~nho pa.n.ditena vyaakaatabbo hoti.
- Bhuupaalassa uyyaane vasantaa migaa ca sakunaa ca luddakehi na hantabbaa
honti.
- Kusala.m ajaanitvaa paapa.m karontaa kumaaraa na akkositabbaa, te
sama.nehi ca pa.n.ditehi ca sappurisehi ca anusaasitabbaa.
- Asappurisaa parivajjetabbaa, maa tumhe tehi saddhi.m (with them) gaame
aahi.n.datha.
- Suraa na paatabbaa, sace piveyyaatha tumhe gilaanaa bhavissatha.
- Dhammena jiivantaa manussaa devehi rakkhitabbaa honti.
* akathetabba.m: a- here is a negative prefix.
Translate into Paali
- At night people should light lamps.
- The merchant brought horses to be sold to the farmers.
- Objects should be seen with eyes, tastes (rasaani) should be enjoyed with
the tongue.
- The dog should not be hit with sticks and stones.
- People in the island should be protected by the king and his ministers.
- Flowers should not be picked by men walking in the park.
- The corn should be measured by the farmer with his wife.
- Men should not do evil.
- Grass and water should be given to oxen and goats.
- The assembly should be addressed by the teacher's sister.
- The lions sleeping in the caves should not be approached by men.
- The mother's clothes should be washed by the girl.
Unicode | Velthuis